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North Shore Wildlife

Lake Trout

The story

Lake trout are native to Lake Superior. By the 1950s, overfishing and the sea lamprey, a parasite that reached the upper Great Lakes through shipping canals, had nearly wiped them out. Decades of lamprey control, stocking and fishing limits followed, and in 2024 the agencies that manage the lake declared its lake trout restored to a healthy, self-sustaining population.

Lake Superior

The same moment, today

A neglected garden bed behind a garage usually fills up with weeds within a couple of summers. Thistles and crabgrass choke out the old perennial flowers until nothing else shows. Clearing it out takes more than one afternoon with a trowel. A gardener pulls the weeds by the roots, protects the few green shoots that survived, and gives them room to spread. After a few quiet seasons, the original flowers take over the dirt again and keep the weeds out on their own.

Lake Trout
Cold water predator.

That kind of slow rescue is what the lake trout needed. Once the lampreys were under control and stocking did its work, the native fish had room to breathe. Lake trout are the apex predators in Lake Superior, and they come in two main forms. Lean lake trout live along the North Shore in water less than eighty meters deep. Deepwater siscowet trout carry extra fat and stay out past two hundred and forty feet. Both types found their footing again on the cold, rocky bottom.

The lesson

If you visit a harbor in Two Harbors or Grand Marais, watch the charter boats come in off the water. The lake trout in their coolers are wild fish that grew up right on those dark reefs.

Where this comes from

Wild again, 2015

In 1980, surveys by the Minnesota DNR showed that only six percent of the lake trout in Minnesota waters were born in the lake. The rest had to be raised in hatcheries. Biologists kept tracking the fish over the next three decades as the lake healed. By 2015, wild-born trout made up ninety-six to ninety-eight percent of the population. The fish were spawning so well on the reefs that the state stopped stocking young trout along the shore. The lake was carrying its native fish without any outside help.

A small reminder, on the tackle box or the cooler, that quiet work and patience can bring back something we nearly lost.

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